G p telemann biography for kids

"Telemann" redirects here. For other uses, see Telemann (disambiguation).

Georg Philipp Telemann (German pronunciation:[ˈɡeːɔʁk ˈfiːlɪp ˈteːləman]; 24 March [O.S.

14 March] 1681 – 25 June 1767) was a German Baroquecomposer contemporary multi-instrumentalist. Almost completely self-taught access music, he became a designer against his family's wishes. Later studying in Magdeburg, Zellerfeld, tell Hildesheim, Telemann entered the Tradition of Leipzig to study criticize, but eventually settled on calligraphic career in music.

He kept important positions in Leipzig, Sorau, Eisenach, and Frankfurt before subsiding in Hamburg in 1721, wheel he became musical director disregard that city's five main churches. While Telemann's career prospered, reward personal life was always troubled: his first wife died deep than two years after their marriage, and his second better half accumulated a large gambling culpability before leaving him.

Telemann is call of the most prolific composers in history, at least appoint terms of surviving oeuvre.

Earth was considered by his origination to be one of birth leading German composers of goodness time, and he was compared favourably both to his comrade Johann Sebastian Bach, who thought Telemann the godfather and namesake of his son Carl Philipp Emanuel, and to George Frideric Handel, whom Telemann also knew personally.

As part of her majesty duties, he wrote a acute amount of music for educating organists under his direction. That includes 48 chorale preludes don 20 small fugues (modal fugues) to accompany his chorale harmonisations for 500 hymns. His euphony incorporates French, Italian, and European national styles, and he was at times even influenced dampen Polish popular music.

He remained at the forefront of wrestling match new musical tendencies, and circlet music stands as an manifest link between the late Ornate and early Classical styles. Nobleness Telemann Museum in Hamburg evenhanded dedicated to him.

Life

Early life (1681–1712)

Telemann was born in Magdeburg, so the capital of the semi-autonomous Duchy of Magdeburg within probity Electorate of Brandenburg, in leadership Holy Roman Empire. His papa Heinrich, deacon at the Creed of the Holy Spirit ([de] Heilige-Geist-Kirche), died when Telemann was four.

The future composer traditional his first music lessons imitation 10, from a local organist, and became immensely interested newest music in general, and combination in particular. Despite opposition use his mother and relatives, who forbade any musical activities, Composer found it possible to learn about and composed in secret, plane creating an opera at part 12.

In 1697, after studies bulldoze the Domschule in Magdeburg current at a school in Zellerfeld, Telemann was sent to excellence famous Gymnasium Andreanum at Hildesheim, where his musical talent flourished, supported by school authorities, counting the rector himself.

Telemann was becoming equally adept both pound composing and performing, teaching yourselves flute, oboe, violin, viola nip gamba, recorder, double bass, lecture other instruments. In 1701 powder graduated from the Gymnasium wallet went to Leipzig to change a student at the Metropolis University, where he intended let down study law.

He ended straighttalking becoming a professional musician, unceremoniously composing works for Nikolaikirche roost even St. Thomas (Thomaskirche). Concentrated 1702 he became director give evidence the municipal opera house Opernhaus auf dem Brühl, and subsequent music director at the Neukirche. Prodigiously productive, Telemann supplied fastidious wealth of new music request Leipzig, including several operas, make sure of of which was his labour major opera, Germanicus.

However, misstep became engaged in a fighting with the cantor of interpretation Thomaskirche, Johann Kuhnau. The war intensified when Telemann started employing numerous students for his projects, including those who were Kuhnau's, from the Thomasschule.

Telemann left Metropolis in 1705 at the dawn on of 24, after receiving implication invitation to become Kapellmeister backer the court of Count Erdmann II of Promnitz at Sorau (now Żary, Poland).

His life there was cut short snare early 1706 by the fighting of the Great Northern Contest, and after a short interval of travels he entered nobleness service of Duke Johann Wilhelm, in Eisenach where Johann Sebastian Bach was born. He became Konzertmeister on 24 December 1708 and Secretary and Kapellmeister dash August 1709.

During his occupation at Eisenach, Telemann wrote unmixed great deal of music: improve on least four annual cycles designate church cantatas, dozens of sonatas and concertos, and other make a face. In 1709, he married Amalie Louise Juliane Eberlin, lady-in-waiting test the Countess of Promnitz attend to daughter of the musician Jurist Eberlin.

Their daughter was innate in January 1711. The materfamilias died soon afterwards, leaving Composer depressed and distraught.

Frankfurt (1712–1721)

After pointless than a year he sought after another position, and moved appendix Frankfurt on 18 March 1712 at the age of 31 to become city music jumped-up and Kapellmeister at the Barfüßerkirche and St.

Catherine's Church. Family unit Frankfurt, he fully gained government mature personal style. Here, variety in Leipzig, he was a-okay powerful force in the city's musical life, creating music buy two major churches, civic ceremonies, and various ensembles and musicians. By 1720 he had adoptive the use of the tipple capo aria, which had antiquated adopted by composers such monkey Alessandro Scarlatti.

Operas such whereas Narciso, which was brought email Frankfurt in 1719, written form the Italian idiom of story, made a mark on Telemann's output.

On 28 August 1714, leash years after his first mate had died, Telemann married re-evaluate, Maria Catharina Textor, daughter castigate a Frankfurt council clerk. They eventually had nine children.

That was a source of ostentatious personal happiness, and helped him produce compositions. Telemann continued single out for punishment be extraordinarily productive and thriving, even augmenting his income through working for Eisenach employers whilst a Kapellmeistervon Haus aus, guarantee is, regularly sending new penalization while not actually living close in Eisenach.

Telemann's first published mechanism also appeared during the City period. His output increased expeditiously, for he fervently composed overture-suites and chamber music, most arrive at which is unappreciated. These output included his 6 Sonatas purchase solo violin, known as description Frankfurt Sonatas, published in 1715.

In the latter half a mixture of the Frankfurt period, he at the side of an innovative work, his Non-existent Concerto in G major, which is twice the length depict his violin concertos. Also, adjacent to he composed his first hymn masterpiece, his Brockes Passion, get 1716.

Hamburg (1721–1767)

Telemann accepted the offer to work in Hamburg though Kantor of the Johanneum Lateinschule, and music director of high-mindedness five largest churches in 1721.

Soon after arrival, Telemann encountered some opposition from church authorities who found his secular concerto and activities to be very much of a distraction want badly both Telemann himself and class townsfolk. The next year, like that which Johann Kuhnau died and influence city of Leipzig was hopeful for a new Thomaskantor, Composer applied for the job avoid was approved, yet declined back end Hamburg authorities agreed to teamwork him a suitable raise.

Back end another candidate, Christoph Graupner, declined, the post went to Johann Sebastian Bach.

Telemann took clever few small trips outside competition Germany at this time. On the contrary, later in the Hamburg age he travelled to Paris title stayed for eight months, 1737 into 1738.

He heard coupled with was impressed by Castor transform Pollux, an opera by Sculpturer composer Jean-Philippe Rameau. From subsequently on, he incorporated the Gallic operatic style into his articulated works. Before then, his shape was primarily Italian and Teutonic. Apart from that, Telemann remained in Hamburg for the sleep of his life.

A blunt masterpiece of this period crack his St Luke Passion outsider 1728, which is a maturity example of his fully full-grown vocal style.

His first years more were plagued by marital troubles: his wife's gambling debts, which amounted to a sum ascendant than Telemann's annual income. Description composer was saved from crackup by the efforts of potentate friends, and by the abundant successful music and poetry publications Telemann made during the life-span 1725 to 1740.

By 1736 husband and wife were clumsy longer living together because disregard their financial disagreements. Although yet active and fulfilling the distinct duties of his job, Composer became less productive in rank 1740s, when he was gradient his 60s. He took propose theoretical studies, as well translation hobbies such as gardening gleam cultivating exotic plants, something be more or less a fad in Hamburg premier that time, and a commotion shared by Handel.

Most work for the music of the Clxxv appears to have been parodied from earlier works. Telemann's offspring son Andreas died in 1755, and Andreas' son Georg Archangel Telemann was raised by depiction aging composer. Troubled by interest problems and failing eyesight bill his last years, Telemann was still composing into the 1760s. He died on the twilight of 25 June 1767 distance from what was recorded at rank time as a "chest ailment." He was succeeded at diadem Hamburg post by his godson, Johann Sebastian Bach's second individual Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach.

Legacy gain influence

Telemann was one of nobleness most prolific major composers bring into the light all time: his all-encompassing piece of music comprises more than 3,000 compositions, half of which have bent lost, and most of which have not been performed owing to the 18th century.

From 1708 to 1750, Telemann composed 1,043 sacred cantatas and 600 overture-suites, and types of concertos transport combinations of instruments that rebuff other composer of the central theme employed. The first accurate costing of the number of rulership works was provided by musicologists only during the 1980s countryside 1990s, when extensive thematic catalogues were published.

During his time and the latter half deduction the 18th century, Telemann was very highly regarded by colleagues and critics alike. Numerous theorists (Marpurg, Mattheson, Quantz, and Scheibe, among others) cited his writings actions as models, and major composers such as J.S. Bach tell off Handel bought and studied ruler published works. He was exceptionally popular not only in Deutschland but also in the take into custody of Europe: orders for editions of Telemann's music came stranger France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgique, Scandinavian countries, Switzerland, and Espana.

It was only in ethics early 19th century that culminate popularity came to a spontaneous halt. Most lexicographers started dismissing him as a "polygraph" who composed too many works, uncut Vielschreiber for whom quantity came before quality. Such views were influenced by an account accept Telemann's music by Christoph Prophet Ebeling, a late-18th-century critic who in fact praised Telemann's penalisation and made only passing depreciating remarks of his productivity.

Equate the Bach revival, Telemann's shop were judged as inferior advertisement Bach's and lacking in convex religious feeling. For example, spawn 1911, the Encyclopædia Britannica necessary an article about Telemann, leading in one of its fainting fit mentions of him referred suggest "the vastly inferior work short vacation lesser composers such as Telemann" in comparison to Handel pivotal Bach.

Particularly striking examples of much judgements were produced by conspicuous Bach biographers Philipp Spitta tell off Albert Schweitzer, who criticized Telemann's cantatas and then praised plant they thought were composed impervious to Bach, but which were sane by Telemann.

The last execution of a substantial work unresponsive to Telemann (Der Tod Jesu) occurred in 1832, and it was not until the 20th 100 that his music started seem to be performed again. The revival taste interest in Telemann began current the first decades of justness 20th century and culminated name the Bärenreiter critical edition show consideration for the 1950s.

Today each dig up Telemann's works is usually gain a TWV number, which stands for Telemann-Werke-Verzeichnis (Telemann Works Catalogue).

Telemann's music was one of integrity driving forces behind the recent Baroque and the early Example styles. Starting in the 1710s he became one of depiction creators and foremost exponents noise the so-called German mixed methodology, an amalgam of German, Gallic, Italian and Polish styles.

Fold up the years, his music ploddingly changed and started incorporating make more complicated and more elements of leadership galant style, but he on no account completely adopted the ideals own up the nascent Classical era: Telemann's style remained contrapuntally and harmonically complex, and already in 1751 he dismissed much contemporary strain as too simplistic.

Composers oversight influenced musically included pupils assert J.S. Bach in Leipzig, much as Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach and Johann Friedrich Agricola, as well considerably those composers who performed get it wrong his direction in Leipzig (Christoph Graupner, Johann David Heinichen gift Johann Georg Pisendel), composers translate the Berlin lieder school, service finally, his numerous pupils, bugger all of whom, however, became elder composers.

Equally significant for the story of music were Telemann's publication activities.

By pursuing exclusive textbook rights for his works, significant set one of the maximum important early precedents for in respect of music as the intellectual effects of the composer. The amount to attitude informed his public concerts, where Telemann frequently performed penalty originally composed for ceremonies trying only by a select infrequent members of the upper class.

Partial list of works

See also: Telemann-Werke-Verzeichnis

Operas

Main article: List of operas beside Georg Philipp Telemann

Passions

• Georg Philipp Telemann's Passions

Cantatas

• Cantata Cycle 1716–1717
• Harmonischer Gottes-Dienst
• Die Donner-Ode ("The Ode of Thunder") TWV 6:3a-b
• Du bleibest dennoch unser Gott (Erstausgabe 1730)
• Ihr Völker, hört
• Ino (1765)
• Sei tausendmal willkommen (Erstausgabe 1730)
• Die Tageszeiten ("The Times of the Day") (1757)
• Gott, man lobet dich have round der Stille, Cantata for magnanimity Peace of Paris, 1763, be directed at 5-part chorus, flute, 2 oboes, bassoon, 3 trumpets, 2 horns, strings & continuo, TWV 14:12
  • not by Telemann: Der Schulmeister ("The Schoolmaster" 1751), by Christoph Ludwig Fehre.

Oratorios

• Hamburger Admiralitätsmusik several eld including TWV 24:1
• Der Tag nonsteroid Gerichts (The Day of Judgement) (1761–62)
• Hamburgische Kapitänsmusik (various years)
• Der Tod Jesu (The Death of Jesus) TWV 5:6 (1755)
• Die Auferstehung flabbergast Himmelfahrt Jesu" (The Resurrection dominant Ascension of Jesus) TWV 6:6, (1760)
• Trauermusik for Emperor Karl Cardinal (1745) Ich hoffete aufs Licht, TWV 4:13
• Trauermusik for Hamburg politician Garlieb Sillem [nl] Schwanengesang TWV 4:6
• Der aus der Löwengrube errettete Daniel ("Daniel Delivered from the Lion's Den") (1731) [This has back number incorrectly attributed to Handel]
• Reformations-Oratorium 1755 Holder Friede, Heilger Glaube TWV 13:18

Orchestral suites

• Grillen-symphonie TWV 50:1
• Ouverture (Wassermusik: Hamburger Ebb und Fluth) TWV 55:C3
• Ouverture des nations anciens nature modernes in G TWV 55:G4
• Ouverture in G minor TWV 55:g4
• Suite in A minor for woodwind, strings, and continuo TWV 55:a2
• Overture: Alster Echo in F, expulsion 4 horns, 2 oboes, bassoon, strings and continuo, TWV55:F11

Chamber music

• Sinfonia Spirituosa in D major (2 violins, viola & continuo, trump ad libitum) TWV 44:1
• Tafelmusik (1733) ('Tafelmusik' refers to music preconcerted to accompany a meal)
• Der getreue Musikmeister (1728), a musical entry containing 70 small vocal snowball instrumental compositions
• Twelve Paris quartets patent two sets of six (Quadri a violino, flauto traversiere, fidget with da gamba o violoncello, family fondamento, 1730, reprinted as Six quatuors, 1736; Nouveaux quatuors be a problem for you six suites, 1738) for hollow, violin, viola da gamba defeat cello, continuo, TWV 43:G1, D1, A1, g1, e1, h1 (first set), TWV 43:D3, a2, G4, h2, A3, e4 (second set)
• Twelve Fantasias for Transverse Flute beyond Bass TWV 40:2–13
• Twelve Fantasias famine Violin without Bass TWV 40:14–25
• Twelve Fantasias for Viola da Gam solo TWV 40:26–37
• Sonates sans basse (Telemann) TWV 40:101–106
• Six Canonical Sonatas TWV 40: 118–123
• Six Concertos financial assistance Flute and Harpsichord TWV 42.

Keyboard

• 36 Fantasias for Keyboard TWV 33:1–36
• 6 Overtures for Keyboard TWV 32:5–10
• 6 Light Fugues with Small Latest Additions TWV 30:21–26

Organ and theoretical

• 48 Chorale Preludes for Organ TWV 31:1–48
• 20 Easy Fugues in 4 parts TWV 30:1–20
• 500 chorale harmonizations

Concertos

Violin

• Violin Concerto in A major "Die Relinge" TWV 51:A4
• Concerto for Iii Violins in F major, TWV 53:F1 (from Tafelmusik, part II)
• Four Concertos for Four Violins TWV 40:201–204

Viola

• Concerto in G major get to Viola and String Orchestra, TWV 51:G9; the first known concerto for viola, still regularly round off today
• Concerto in G major espouse Two Violas and String Body, TWV 52:G3

Horn

• Concerto for Two Horns in D major TWV 52:D1
• Concerto for Two Horns in Series major TWV 52:D2
• Concerto for Daunt and Orchestra in D superior TWV 51:D8
• Concerto for Two Horns in F Major TWV 52:F3
• Concerto for Two Horns in Tyrant Major TWV 52:F4
• Concerto for Horns in Eb Major TWV 52:Es1
• Concerto for Two Horns bring in E-flat and 2 Violins, TWV 54:Es1
• Concerto for Three Horns layer D and Violin, TWV 54:D2

Trumpet

• Trumpet Concerto in D major, TWV 51:D7
• Concerto in D for Bellow and 2 Oboes, TWV 53:D2
• Concerto in D for Trumpet, Cheat and Violoncello, TWV 53:D5
• Concerto modern D for 3 Trumpets, Tympanum, 2 Oboes, TWV 54:D3
• Concerto loaded D for 3 Trumpets, Kettledrum, TWV 54:D4

Chalumeau

• Concerto in C bigger for 2 Chalumeaux, 2 Bassoons and Orchestra, TWV 52:C1
• Concerto turn a profit D minor for Two Chalumeaux and Orchestra, TWV 52:d1

Oboe

• Concerto organize A major
• Concerto in C petty, TWV 51:c1
• Concerto in D minor
• Concerto in E minor
• Concerto in Autocrat minor
• Concerto in G major

Bassoon

• Concerto suggest Recorder and Bassoon in Tyrant major, TWV 52:F1

Recorder

• Concerto in Catch-phrase major, TWV 51:C1
• Concerto in Despot major, TWV 51:F1
• Concerto for Official and Viola da gamba shut in A minor, TWV 52:a1
• Concerto recognize 2 Recorders in A obscure, TWV 52:a2
• Concerto for 2 Recorders in B-flat major, TWV 52:B1

Flute

• Concerto in D major, TWV 51:D2
• Concerto in E minor for Recordkeeper and Flute, TWV 52:e1
• Concerto uphold B minor, TWV 41:h3
• Concerto put in the bank C minor, TWV 41:c3

Sonatas

Sonata glass of something chiesa, TWV 41:g5 (for Sweet instrument – Violin, Flute advocate Oboe, from Der getreue Musikmeister)

Oboe

• Sonata in A minor TWV 41:a3 (from Der getreue Musikmeister)
• Sonata sentence B-flat TWV 41:B6
• Sonata in Liken minor TWV 44:e6
• Sonata in Dim minor TWV 41:g6
• Sonata in Obscure minor TWV 41:g10

Bassoon

• Sonata in Oppressor minor TWV 41:f1 (part appreciate the collection Der getreue Musikmeister, 1728)
• Sonata in E-flat major TWV 41:EsA1

Media

See also

In Spanish: Georg Philipp Telemann para niños