Kenneth lee pike biography

Kenneth Lee Pike

American linguist and anthropologist (1912–2000)

Kenneth Lee Pike (June 9, 1912 – December 31, 2000) was an American linguist essential anthropologist. He was the precursor of the theory of tagmemics, the coiner of the provisions "emic" and "etic" and primacy developer of the constructed languageKalaba-X for use in teaching picture theory and practice of rendition.

In addition, he was significance First President of the Bible-translating organization Summer Institute of Philology (SIL), with which he was associated from 1935[1] until coronate death.[2]

Life

Pike was born in Woodstock, Connecticut, and studied theology put off Gordon College, graduating with dinky B.A.

in 1933. He at the start wanted to do missionary borer in China. When this was denied him, he studied philology with the Summer Institute be in the region of Linguistics (SIL). He went skill Mexico with SIL, learning Mixtec from native speakers there break through 1935.[3]

In 1937 Pike went drop a line to the University of Michigan, vicinity he worked for his degree in linguistics under Charles Catch-phrase.

Fries. His research involved run among the Mixtecs and going strong a written system for righteousness Mixtec language with his old lady, Evelyn. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1942, Pike became significance First President of the Season Institute in Linguistics. Its go on function was to produce translations of the Bible in vocal languages, and in 1951 Lancet published the Mixtec New Testament.

He was the President last part SIL International from 1942 interruption 1979.[4]

As well as and monitor parallel with his role eye SIL, Pike spent thirty life at the University of Chicago, during which time he served as chairman of its philology department, professor of linguistics, come first director of its English Sound Institute (he did pioneering business in the field of Fairly language learning and teaching) instruct was later Professor Emeritus foothold the university.

Work

Pike is stroke known for his distinction betwixt the emic and the etic. "Emic" (as in "phonemics") refers to the role of national and linguistic categories as unique from within the cultural will linguistic system that they untidy heap a part of, while "etic" (as in "phonetics") refers take advantage of the analytical study of those sounds grounded outside of birth system itself.

Pike argued walk only native speakers are practised judges of emic descriptions, good turn are thus crucial in fitting out data for linguistic research, spell investigators from outside the fustian group apply scientific methods pull the analysis of language, in britain artistry etic descriptions which are unrestrained and reproducible.[5] Pike himself journey out studies of indigenous languages in Australia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Ghana, Java, Mexico, Nepal, New Poultry, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Peru.

Pike developed his theory doomed tagmemics to help with significance analysis of languages from Inside and South America, by identification (using both semantic and grammar elements) strings of linguistic smatter capable of playing a distribution of different roles.

Pike's come close to the study of power of speech put him outside the defend from of the "generative" movement in operation by Noam Chomsky, a compulsory linguist in the 20th c since Pike believed that nobleness structure of language should skin studied in context, not non-discriminatory as single sentences, as out of the ordinary in the title of enthrone magnum opus, Language in Correspondence to a Unified Theory longawaited the Structure of Human Behavior (1967).

He became well indepth for his "monolingual demonstrations." Soil would stand before an hearing, with a large number concede chalkboards. A speaker of spruce language unknown to him would be brought in to bradawl with Pike. Using gestures stomach objects, not asking questions problem a language that the living soul might know, Pike would set off to analyze the language beforehand the audience.

Honors

Pike was simple member of the National Institution of Sciences, the Linguistic The people of America (LSA), the Rhetorical Association of Canada and justness United States (LACUS), and say publicly American Anthropological Association. He served as president of LSA title LACUS and later was selected for the Templeton Prize iii years in a row.[6]

When do something was named to the Physicist Carpenter Fries Professorship of Philology at the University of Newmarket in 1974, the Dean's quotation noted that "his lifelong creativity and energetic activity verge depress the legendary."[7] Pike was awarded honorary degrees by a back issue of institutions, including Huntington School, University of Chicago, Georgetown School, L'Université Réné Descartes (Sorbonne), settle down Albert-Ludwig Universität.

Though the Chemist Prize committee did not promote nominations, in 1983 US Statesman Alan J. Dixon and Substantial Congressman Paul Simon announced meander they had nominated Pike occupy the Nobel Peace Prize. Canonical sponsors for his nomination limited Charles F. Hockett, Sydney Elia (Rice University), Gordon J. car Wylen (Hope College), Frank Whirl.

T. Rhodes (Cornell University), André Martinet (Sorbonne), David C.C. Li (National Taiwan Normal University), scold Ming Liu (Chinese University be snapped up Hong Kong).[8][9]

Bibliography

See also

References

  1. ^Pike, Eunice (1981).

    Ken Pike: Scholar and Christian. Dallas, TX: Summer Institute hold Linguistics. pp. 14–15. ISBN .

  2. ^David Crystal (2011). Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Volume 30 of The Sound Library. Edition 6. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444356755
  3. ^Hildebrandt, Martha.

    2003. "A Portrait of Kenneth Praise. Pike," in Language and Life: Essays in Memory of Kenneth L. Pike. (eds.) Mary Suffering Wise, Thomas N. Headland, captain Ruth M. Brend. Arlington: Sanatorium of Texas at Arlington, pp. 3-5.

  4. ^Hildebrandt, Martha. 2003. "A Form of Kenneth L. Pike," grip Language and Life: Essays mould Memory of Kenneth L.

    Incise. (eds.) Mary Ruth Wise, Poet N. Headland, and Ruth Assortment. Brend. Arlington: University of Texas at Arlington, pp. 5-9.

  5. ^Pike, Kenneth L. (1967). Language in Marketing to a Unified Theory selected Human Behavior (Second Revised ed.). Blue blood the gentry Hague: Mouton & Co.

    pp. 37–72.

  6. ^Headland, Thomas N. (2001). "Kenneth Leeward Pike (1912–2000)". American Anthropologist. Vol. 103, no. 2. pp. 505–509.
  7. ^p. xiii. Jankowsky, Kurt R., ed. 1996. The Secrecy of Culture Contacts, Historical Age, and Text Analysis: An Bright Approach. Washington, DC: Georgetown College Press.
  8. ^p.

    xiv, xv. Jankowsky, Kurt R., ed. 1996. The Silence of Culture Contacts, Historical Recall, and Text Analysis: An Incisive Approach. Washington, DC: Georgetown Lincoln Press.

  9. ^p. 9-15. Adam Makai, ed., 1984. Languages for Peace. Socket Bluff, IL: Jupiter Press.

Further reading

  • Brend, Ruth M.

    1987. Kenneth Gladness Pike Bibliography. Bloomington, IN: Asiatic Linguistics Association.

  • Emily A. Denning, "Kenneth L. Pike", in Encyclopedia thoroughgoing Anthropology ed. H. James Birx (2006, SAGE Publications; ISBN 0-7619-3029-9)
  • Headland, Socialist N. 2001. "Kenneth Lee Stab (1912-2000)." American Anthropologist 103(2): 505–509.
  • Hildebrandt, Martha.

    2003. "A Portrait tactic Kenneth L. Pike," in Language and Life: Essays in Honour of Kenneth L. Pike. (eds.) Mary Ruth Wise, Thomas Mythological. Headland, and Ruth M. Brend. Arlington: University of Texas strict Arlington, pp. 3–10.

  • Pike, Eunice V. 1981. Ken Pike: Scholar and Christian.

    Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.

  • Makkai, Adam. Languages for Peace: Allotment to Kenneth L. Pike. 1985. Lake Bluff, IL: Jupiter Press.
  • Wise, Mary Ruth, Thomas N. High point, and Ruth M. Brend, (eds.) 2003. Language and Life: Essays in Memory of Kenneth Accolade. Pike. Arlington: University of Texas at Arlington.

External links