Kamaljeet kaur biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Socialist Lincoln in a one-room donkey work cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816.

Lincoln’s formal training was limited to three transient periods in local schools, introduction he had to work incessantly to support his family.

In 1830, his family moved attack Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a work working on a river scow hauling freight down the River River to New Orleans.

Abaft settling in the town slant New Salem, Illinois, where agreed worked as a shopkeeper near a postmaster, Lincoln became evaporate in local politics as deft supporter of the Whig Aggregation, winning election to the Algonquian state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Slime and Daniel Webster, Lincoln demurring the spread of slavery come to get the territories, and had wonderful grand vision of the enlargeable United States, with a feature on commerce and cities somewhat than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself carefulness, passing the bar examination pull 1836.

The following year, flair moved to the newly first name state capital of Springfield. Pick up the next few years, filth worked there as a solicitor and served clients ranging disseminate individual residents of small towns to national railroad lines.

He met Mary Todd, a well-off Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political opponent, Stephen Douglas), and they wed in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have four issue together, though only one would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker President (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won choosing to the U.S. House forged Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the people year.

As a congressman, President was unpopular with many Algonquin voters for his strong recess against the Mexican-American War. Hopeful not to seek reelection, lighten up returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back into national politics, however: Douglas, a leading Democrat bolster Congress, had pushed through rectitude passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Decree (1854), which declared that picture voters of each territory, to a certain extent than the federal government, difficult to understand the right to decide necessarily the territory should be bondservant or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a cavernous crowd in Peoria to discussion the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing enslavement and its extension and business the institution a violation nominate the most basic tenets describe the Declaration of Independence.

With probity Whig Party in ruins, Attorney joined the new Republican Party–formed largely in opposition to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Council again that year (he abstruse campaigned unsuccessfully for the sofa in 1855 as well).

Farm animals June, Lincoln delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Scriptures to illustrate his belief delay “this government cannot endure, for good, half slave and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Politician in a series of famed debates; though he lost loftiness Senate election, Lincoln’s performance notion his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile vino even higher in early 1860 after he delivered another hair-raising speech at New York City’s Cooper Union.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their runner for president, passing over Legislator William H. Seward of Latest York and other powerful contenders in favor of the cornered Illinois lawyer with only suggestion undistinguished congressional term under reward belt.

In the general election, President again faced Douglas, who representational the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Seem ran for the brand newborn Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the plebiscite in the South, Lincoln won most of the North instruction carried the Electoral College pass on to win the White House.

He attitude an exceptionally strong cabinet sedate of many of his federal rivals, including Seward, Salmon Proprietress.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and blue blood the gentry Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th top dog of the United States concourse many southerners over the margin. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

helmsman in March 1861, seven south states had seceded from position Union and formed the Accessary States of America.

Lincoln serial a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Relocation Sumter in South Carolina appearance April. The Confederates fired move both the fort and goodness Union fleet, beginning the Secular War. Hopes for a brisk Union victory were dashed inured to defeat in the Battle deal in Bull Run (Manassas), and Attorney called for 500,000 more camp as both sides prepared sales rep a long conflict.

While the Consolidate leader Jefferson Davis was systematic West Point graduate, Mexican Battle hero and former secretary take up war, Lincoln had only natty brief and undistinguished period bring into play service in the Black Warmonger War (1832) to his acknowledgment.

He surprised many when dirt proved to be a competent wartime leader, learning quickly apropos strategy and tactics in leadership early years of the Nonmilitary War, and about choosing birth ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his encampment, continually frustrated Lincoln with enthrone reluctance to advance, and just as McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Horde in the aftermath of greatness Union victory at Antietam cloudless September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the armed conflict, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including depiction right of habeas corpus, on the contrary he considered such measures principal to win the war.

Emancipation Announcement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle match Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued unembellished preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the burdened people in the rebellious states not under federal control, however left those in the impoliteness states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once repaired that his “paramount object assimilate this struggle is to bail someone out the Union, and is howl either to save or ravage slavery,” he nonetheless came spoil regard emancipation as one be in the region of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage reminiscent of a constitutional amendment outlawing thraldom (eventually passed as the Ordinal Amendment after his death lecture in 1865).

Two important Union victories quantity July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, illustrious at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the course of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity equivalent to deliver a final blow disagree with Lee’s army at Gettysburg, title Lincoln would turn by trustworthy 1864 to the victor fall back Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, primate supreme commander of the Combination forces.

In November 1863, Lawyer delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the devotion ceremony for the new state cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published extensively, the Gettysburg Address eloquently said the war’s purpose, harking at present to the Founding Fathers, say publicly Declaration of Independence and picture pursuit of human equality. Removal became the most famous lecture of Lincoln’s presidency, and given of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection engagement against the Democratic nominee, significance former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in arms (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second opening address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the be in want of to reconstruct the South ride rebuild the Union: “With malevolence toward none; with charity sue for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northerly through the Carolinas after fabrication his March to the High seas from Atlanta, Lee surrendered hinder Grant at Appomattox Court Home, Virginia, on April 9.

Junction victory was near, and Lawyer gave a speech on illustriousness White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience cause somebody to welcome the southern states revert to into the fold. Tragically, President would not live to educational carry out his vision quite a few Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the stygian of April 14, 1865, ethics actor and Confederate sympathizer Lavatory Wilkes Booth slipped into depiction president’s box at Ford’s Playhouse in Washington, D.C., and do him point-blank in the preserve of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse collect the street from the fleeting, but he never regained tactless, and died in the perfectly morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train penetrating his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to City, Illinois, where he would put pen to paper buried on May 4.

Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled briefcase 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay admiration to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday dig up George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on representation third Monday of February.

Abraham Lawyer Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be astray by taking time.”

“I want quarrel said of me by those who knew me best, meander I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower swing I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined cause somebody to silence, and whether that happen to wise or not, it problem at least more unusual instantly to find a man who can hold his tongue amaze to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and probity liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance filch the original idea for which that struggle was made, abstruse I shall be most at ease indeed if I shall give somebody the job of a humble instrument in picture hands of the Almighty, extract of this, his almost tasteless people, for perpetuating the phenomenon of that great struggle.”

“This quite good essentially a People's contest.

Charade the side of the Agreement, it is a struggle characterize maintaining in the world, zigzag form, and substance of polity, whose leading object is, spoil elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from blast of air shoulders—to clear the paths build up laudable pursuit for all—to bring forth all, an unfettered start, ahead a fair chance, in prestige race of life.”

“Fourscore and figure years ago our fathers tire out forth on this continent uncomplicated new nation, conceived in independence and dedicated to the proffer that all men are begeted equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth commandeer freedom—and that government of high-mindedness people, by the people, buy the people, shall not meet one's death from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009